M'malo okwera kwambiri - zokutira kutentha,Zithunzi zofunda za ceramicImani ngati njira yosiyanasiyana komanso yofunika yankho la mafakitale ambiri a mafakitale ndi malonda. Kaya muli mu gawo lopanga, zomangamanga, kapena zomwe zimafuna kuyendetsa bwino magwiridwe antchito, kumvetsetsa momwe mafinya a ceramic fir angakhudze kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito bwino - kugwira ntchito.

Tanthauzo ndi lingaliro loyamba

Blat Strenket ndi bulangeti, wopepuka, komanso zinthu zambiri zokutira makamaka zopangidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi wa ceramic, womwe umapangidwa makamaka wa aluminium silika. Mafuta awa amakonzedwa ndikuphatikizidwa palimodzi kuti apange zofewa, kapangidwe - monga zinthu zomwe zimafanana ndi bulangeti lachikhalidwe, chifukwa dzinalo. Kapangidwe kapadera kwa zofunda zam'madzi kumawapangitsa kuti apereke makutu abwino kwambiri omwe nawonso amapereka kusinthasintha komanso kumasula kukhazikitsa.

Kapangidwe ndi zinthu

Gawo la core ya zilonda za ceramic ndi aluminium silika. Zinthuzi zimachokera ku mchere wachilengedwe monga Bauxite, Kaolin, ndi silika mchenga, womwe umasungunuka kwambiri kutentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zopitilira 2000 ° F (10000 ° C). Panthawi yosungunuka, zinthu zopangira zimasinthidwa kukhala dziko losungunula kenako ndikupukusa kapena kuwombera mu ulusi wabwino. Mitundu iyi imatha kukhala yosiyanasiyana m'mimba, kuyambira 2 micrometers, ndipo ndi malo opangira nyumbayo.
Kuphatikiza pa aluminium silika, zofunda zina zofunda zimatha kukhala ndi zowonjezera kuti ziziwonjezera zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, Zircome

Katundu wofunikira

1. Chachikulu - kukana kutentha: Chimodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri za mizere yazipatso ndi kuthekera kwawo kupilira kutentha kwambiri. Amatha kupirira mosalekeza ogwiritsa ntchito kuyambira 1200 ° F (649 ° C) mpaka 2300 ° C), kutengera kalasilo ndi kapangidwe kake kake. Izi zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kuti agwiritse ntchito m'malo omwe kuwotcha kwambiri kuli ponseponse, monga maakace a mafakitale, mafayilo, ndi boolers.

2. Kuchulukitsa kwamphamvu: Maulalo ofunda a ceractimic ali ndi mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri, omwe amatanthauza kuti ali othandiza kwambiri popewa kutentha. Katunduyu amathandizira kuti asunge milingo yokhazikika mkati mwa makina otakatalika, amachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso kukonza bwino ntchito. Mwachitsanzo.

3. Wopepuka komanso wosinthika: Mosiyana ndi zinthu zachikhalidwe zokomera anthu ngati njerwa kapena konkriti, zotchinga za ceramic ndizopepuka komanso zosinthika. Chiwopsezo chawo chopepuka chimachepetsa katundu pa zida kapena nyumba yomwe imasinthidwa, pomwe kusintha kwawo kumathandiza kuyika kosavuta, ngakhale m'malo ovuta kapena osaneneka. Kusintha kumeneku kumathandizanso kuti pakhale bwino malo, kuonetsetsa chotchinga cholimba.

4. Kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwa mankhwala: Mafuta a chidemera cha ceraket amawonetsa bwino kukana kwa mankhwala ambiri, macidis, ndi alkalis nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mabuku a mafakitale. Kukhazikika kwamakevu kumateteza zonyamula zochokera ku kuturuka ndi kuwonongeka, kufalitsa moyo wa zida ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mwina sangakhale oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo okhala ndi ma hydrofluoric acid kapena phosphoric acid.

5. Malingaliro Omveka: Kuphatikiza pa katundu wawo wamafuta, magetsi a ceramic amaperekanso mawu abwino - kuthekera. Amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa phokoso m'malo opangira mafakitale, ndikupanga malo abwino komanso otetezeka.

Kupanga

Kupanga kwa mizere yamitsempha yamasamba kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zazikulu:

1. Kukonzekera Kwa Zinthu: Monga tanena kale, zida zopangira, makamaka aluminium silika - mchere, amasankhidwa mosamala ndikukonzekera. Amaphwanyidwa ndipo pansi pa ufa wabwino kuti muwonetsetse ma yunifolomu.

2. Kusungunuka: Zipangizo zopangira mafayilo zimadyetsedwa mu ng'anjo yokwera kwambiri, pomwe amasungunuka kwambiri. Osakaniza wosungunula nthawiyo ndi wokonzeka kusinthidwa kukhala ulusi.

3. Mapangidwe: Pali njira ziwiri zogwirizira zopanga ulusi wa ceramic: kuponda ndi kuwomba. Pomaliza, zinthu zosungunula zimatayidwa kudzera m'mabwinja ang'onoang'ono kenako ndikuthamanga kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale bwino. Kuwomba, kumbali ina, kumaphatikizapo kukakamiza zinthu zosungunulira mu ng'anjo pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino kapena nthunzi, zomwe zimaphwanya mu ulusi.

4. Singano ndikugwiririra: Ulusi wopangidwa umakhazikitsidwa m'magawo kuti apange tsamba - monga mawonekedwe. Kupukutira singano nthawi zambiri kumagwira ntchito kulowerera ulusiwo, kukulitsa mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa bulangeti. Nthawi zina, chomangira chitha kuwonjezeredwa kupititsa patsogolo mgwirizano wa ulusi.

5. Kuyanika ndi kuchiritsa: Bulangeti likuwuma kuti muchotse chinyezi chilichonse ndikuchiritsidwa kuti zitheke.

Mapulogalamu

Zithunzi zofunda za ceramicPezani ntchito zochuluka m'mafakitale ndi ntchito:

1. Nyimbo zamakampani ndi mafakisi: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zingwe zamakampani ogulitsa, amasungunuka, ndi uvuni. Mwa kupereka zotupa zothandiza, zimathandizira kukonza kutentha komwe kumafunikira mkati mwa zida, kumachepetsa kutentha, ndikusintha mphamvu yotentha. Izi ndizofunikira kwa mafakitale monga kupanga zitsulo, ma ceramic, kupanga galasi, ndi mankhwala kutentha.

2. Kulimba Mbadwo: Mu zomera zamphamvu, zofunda zam'madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsira ntchito ma boilers, ma turbines, ndi zina zapamwamba - kutentha. Amathandizanso kuchepetsa mphamvu zakutha, kukonza mphamvu yonse ya mphamvu - m'badwo, ndikuteteza zidazo kuzochita zovuta.

3. Kumanga ndi Ntchito Zomanga: Zamangamanga, zofunda zam'madzi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zosintha moto zoyaka, monga moto - makoma ovota, denga ndi pansi. Kulimba kwawo - Kulimbana ndi kutentha ndi kuthekera kolepheretsa kufalikira kwa moto kumawapangitsa kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotupa chofukiza pomanga envulopu, kuthandiza kuchepetsa kutentha komanso ndalama zozizira.

4. Mafuta ndi Awespace: Mu mafakitale aomwetive ndi awespace, zofunda zam'madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumiza injini, njira zomangirira, ndi zina zapamwamba - kutentha. Chikhalidwe chawo chopepuka chimapindulitsa kwambiri pamapulogalamuyi, chifukwa chimathandizira kuchepetsa kulemera konse kwagalimoto kapena ndege, kukonza mafuta amafuta.

5. Makampani opanga ma petrochemical: Ku Sterochemical mbewu, zofunda zam'madzi zathera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsira ntchito zojambula, mapaipi, ndi akasinja osungira. Amateteza zidazo kuchokera pamtunda - kutentha ndi madera okhala ngati materochemical, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo igwire bwino ntchito.

Kukonza ndi kusamalira

Kuonetsetsa kuti muyeso woyenera komanso wambiri wambiri wa mitsuko, kukonza koyenera ndikofunikira:

1. Kuyendera pafupipafupi: Nthawi ndi nthawi yang'anani mphete zamitundu ya ceramic zizindikiro za kuvala, kuwonongeka, kapena kuchepa. Yang'anani misozi iliyonse, mabowo, kapena madera omwe ulusiwo ukhoza kukhala wokakamizidwa kapena wowotchera.

2. Kuyeletsa: Sungani zofunda zoyera pochotsa fumbi, zinyalala, kapena zodetsa zomwe zingadziunjike pamwamba. Gwiritsani ntchito burashi yofewa kapena yoyeretsa yotsuka pang'ono kuti itsuke zofunda, kusamala kuti musawononge ulusi.

3. Pewani Chinyezi: Makoma a chidemera cha ceraket sakupangidwira kuti apirire kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati zofunda zimakhala zonyowa, ziume bwino kwambiri posachedwa kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa ulusi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zawo zokutira.

4. Kubwezela: Ngati kuwonongeka kwapamwamba kapena kuwonongeka kwapezeka, sinthani gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi bulangeti latseke. Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe ake a makina amasungidwa ndipo palibe zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.

Pomaliza,Zithunzi zofunda za ceramicndi njira yosiyanasiyana komanso yopanda tanthauzo yothira zinthu zingapo. Kuphatikiza kwawo kwapadera kwambiri - Kulimbana ndi kutentha, kutentha kwabwino kwambiri, wopepuka, komanso kusinthasintha kumawapangitsa kusankha bwino kwa mafakitale ndi ntchito zofunikira. Mwa kumvetsetsa zomwe amapanga, zomwe amapanga, ntchito, ndi kukonza zinthu zofunika, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zabwino kwambiri ndikuwonjezera momwe ntchito yanu imagwirira ntchito ndi kuchita bwino.