Hoʻolālā kūkulu no nā papa nano-insulation i nā mea kanu alumini? ʻO nā mea kanu alumini, ʻoi loa ma nā wahi wela e like me ka alumini electrolytic, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻolei ʻana, a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kapuahi, loaʻa nā koi kiʻekiʻe loa no nā mea insulation, pono e kū i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kūpaʻa i ka haʻalulu wela, ʻaʻole hoʻokuʻu i nā kinoea ʻino. ʻO nā papa nano-insulation, me kā lākou mau mea maikaʻi o ka conductivity thermal ultra-haʻahaʻa (ma kahi o 0.015–0.025 W /(m·K) i ka lumi wela), māmā, a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe (ka mahana hoʻohana lōʻihi a hiki i ka 1000 ° C), ua lilo i mea makemake no ka hoʻōla hou ʻana i ka ikehu o nā mea wela wela i nā mea kanu alumini.

Ceramic pulupulu pulupulu insulation refractory mea? ʻO ka pulupulu seramika he māmā, kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ka wela-insulating refractory mea i hana mua ʻia mai nā alumini silicate fibers ma o nā kaʻina hana e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, fiberization, a me ka ʻohi pulupulu. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka "mākaʻikaʻi insulation thermal" i nā hiʻohiʻona wela wela kiʻekiʻe.

He ʻano mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe, abrasive nui, a ikaika erosive. Hōʻike ia i ka plasticity ikaika, ka hana kūpono, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa, a hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he pale i loko no nā mea hana wela kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻoihana e like me ka mana, metallurgy, cement, a me ka ʻenekinia kemika.

He aha nā ʻanuʻu hana a me ka mālama ʻana no nā castables refractory? ʻO ka refractory castable kahi mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea wela kiʻekiʻe e like me nā kiln ʻoihana a me nā umu wela wela, hiki ke kū i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka corrosion, hoʻonui i ke ola o nā mea hana, a hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ka paʻa o ke kaʻina hana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka refractory castables i ka metallurgy, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ka ʻoihana kemika, ka mana, ke kila, ke aniani a me nā māla ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili pololei ka maikaʻi o ke kūkulu ʻana i ke ola lawelawe o nā mea hana a me ka hopena insulation;